Birds of the Miramichi
This is the list of Miramichi birds as revised by the Miramichi Naturalists’ Club on 6 February 2007 at a meeting chaired by Harry Walker. The checklist has been revised to incorporate recent changes in bird distributions, and to correct errors which appeared in earlier lists. This list is more conservative than the earlier checklist prepared by Greathouse & Walker, including only those species where good records of the species’ occurrence are available. In particular, note that several species of sea birds are excluded that likely occur in the Outer Miramichi Bay. Unfortunately good records for these species are not yet available.
The seasonal occurrence of many birds is rather fuzzy, and their seasonal occurrences change over time. For example, many more starlings and crows are over-wintering on the Miramichi now than was the case 25 years ago; while, due to closure of open dumps, many fewer gulls are over-wintering here. Also, every year a few summer birds are left behind after most of their kin head south. Some may simply move to the closest dependable food supply, such as a bird feeder or dump, etc. We have, therefore, not attempted to specify the season or seasons at which these birds occur here.
English names are those established by the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU); French names are derived from the Commission internationale des noms français des oiseaux. The taxonomic sequence follows the AOU, 2006.
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REGION COVERED: Northumberland County, including the inner and outer Miramichi Bay.
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STATUS:
A = Accidental (very rare, not normally expected to be in this area)
B = Confirmed nesting/breeding on Miramichi
F = Formerly nested on Miramichi
M = Migrant, uncommon to numerous
R = Rare (not expected annually)
X = Extinct
Note: Again the lines of separation are fuzzy or debatable; and the status of any bird may change over time. Therefore any report on birds, or any other aspect of nature should have a date on it. Also, some species listed as rare, may, because of their secretive habits, be less rare than our records would indicate.
Any suggested additions or changes to this list should be submitted to the Miramichi Naturalists’ Club (www.miramichinaturalistsclub.ca)
Species
List / Liste des espèces
Anatidae (Geese, swans and ducks / Oies, cygnes et canards)
Fulvous Whistling-Duck / Dendrocygne fauve (Dendrocygna bicolor) A
Snow Goose / Oie des neiges (Chen caerulescens) M
Canada Goose / Bernache du Canada (Branta canadensis) B
Brant / Bernache cravant (Branta bernicla) M
Tundra Swan / Cygne siffleur (Cygnus columbianus) R
Wood Duck / Canard branchu (Aix sponsa) B
Gadwall / Canard chipeau (Anas strepera) M
American Wigeon / Canard d'Amérique (Anas americana) B
American Black Duck / Canard noir (Anas rubripes) B
Mallard / Canard colvert (Anas platyrhynchos) B
Blue-winged
Teal / Sarcelle à ailes bleues (Anas discors) B
Northern Shoveler / Canard souchet (Anas clypeata) M
Northern Pintail / Canard pilet (Anas acuta) B
Green-winged Teal / Sarcelle d'hiver (Anas crecca) B
Ring-necked
Duck / Fuligule à collier (Aythya collaris) B
Greater Scaup / Fuligule milouinan (Aythya marila) M
Common Eider / Eider à duvet (Somateria mollissima) R
Harlequin Duck / Arlequin plongeur (Histrionicus histrionicus) M
Surf Scoter / Macreuse à front blanc (Melanitta perspicillata) M
White-winged Scoter / Macreuse brune (Melanitta fusca) M
Black Scoter / Macreuse noire (Melanitta nigra) M
Long-tailed Duck / Harelde kakawi (Clangula hyemalis) (formerly “Oldsquaw”)
M
Common
Goldeneye / Garrot à oeil d'or (Bucephala clangula) B
Barrow's Goldeneye / Garrot d'Islande (Bucephala islandica) M
Hooded Merganser / Harle couronné (Lophodytes cucullatus) B
Common Merganser / Grand Harle (Mergus merganser) B
Red-breasted Merganser / Harle huppé (Mergus serrator) B
Ruddy Duck
/ Érismature rousse (Oxyura jamaicensis) R
Phasianidae (Pheasants, grouse and allies / Faisans, tétras,
etc.)
Ring-necked Pheasant / Faisan de Colchide (Phasianus colchicus) R
Ruffed
Grouse / Gélinotte huppée (Bonasa umbellus) B
Spruce
Grouse / Tétras du Canada (Falcipennis canadensis) B
Gaviidae (Loons / Huards)
Red-throated Loon / Plongeon catmarin (Gavia stellata) M
Common Loon / Plongeon huard (Gavia immer) B
Podicipedidae (Grebes / Grèbes)
Pied-billed Grebe / Grèbe à bec bigarré (Podilymbus podiceps)
B
Red-necked Grebe / Grèbe jougris (Podiceps grisegena) R
Sulidae (Boobies and gannets / Fous)
Northern Gannet / Fou de Bassan (Morus bassanus) M
Pelecanidae (Pelicans / Pélicans)
American
White Pelican / Pélican d'Amérique (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos)
R
Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants / Cormorans)
Double-crested
Cormorant / Cormoran à aigrettes (Phalacrocorax auritus)
B
Great Cormorant / Grand Cormoran (Phalacrocorax carbo) M
Ardeidae (Herons and bitterns/ Hérons et botaurs)
American
Bittern / Butor d'Amérique (Botaurus lentiginosus) B
Great
Blue Heron / Grand Héron (Ardea herodias) B
Great Egret / Grande Aigrette (Ardea alba) R
Snowy Egret / Aigrette neigeuse (Egretta thula) R
Cattle Egret / Héron garde-boeufs (Bubulcus ibis) R
Green Heron / Héron vert (Butorides virescens) R
Black-crowned Night-Heron / Bihoreau gris (Nycticorax nycticorax) M
Threskiornithidae (Ibises / Ibis)
Glossy Ibis / Ibis falcinelle (Plegadis falcinellus) R
Cathartidae (American vultures / Urubus)
Turkey Vulture / Urubu à tête rouge (Cathartes aura) R
Accipitridae (Osprey, hawks and eagles / Balbuzard, buses et aigles)
Osprey / Balbuzard
pêcheur (Pandion haliaetus) B
Bald Eagle
/ Pygargue à tête blanche (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
B
Northern Harrier / Busard Saint-Martin (Circus cyaneus) B
Sharp-shinned Hawk / Épervier brun (Accipiter striatus) B
Northern Goshawk / Autour des palombes (Accipiter gentilis) B
Broad-winged Hawk / Petite Buse (Buteo platypterus) B
Red-tailed Hawk / Buse à queue rousse (Buteo jamaicensis) B
Rough-legged Hawk / Buse pattue (Buteo lagopus) M
Golden Eagle / Aigle royal (Aquila chrysaetos) M
Falconidae (Falcons / Faucons)
American Kestrel / Crécerelle d'Amérique (Falco sparverius) B
Merlin / Faucon émerillon (Falco columbarius) B
Peregrine Falcon / Faucon pèlerin (Falco peregrinus) R
Rallidae (Rails, gallinules, coots / Râles, gallinules et foulques)
Virginia Rail / Râle de Virginie (Rallus limicola) B
Sora / Marouette de Caroline (Porzana carolina) B
American Coot / Foulque d'Amérique (Fulica americana) R
Gruidae (Cranes / Grues)
Sandhill Crane / Grue du Canada (Grus canadensis) R
Charadriidae (Plovers / Pluviers)
Black-bellied Plover / Pluvier argenté (Pluvialis squatarola) M
American Golden-Plover / Pluvier bronzé (Pluvialis dominica) R
Semipalmated
Plover / Pluvier semipalmé (Charadrius semipalmatus) M
Piping Plover / Pluvier siffleur (Charadrius melodus) B
Killdeer / Pluvier kildir (Charadrius vociferus) B
Recurvirostridae (Stilts and avocets / Échasses et avocettes)
American Avocet / Avocette d'Amérique (Recurvirostra americana) R
Scolopacidae (Sandpipers and allies / Bécasses, bécasseaux,
etc.)
Spotted Sandpiper / Chevalier grivelé (Actitis macularia) B
Solitary Sandpiper / Chevalier solitaire (Tringa solitaria) M
Greater Yellowlegs / Grand Chevalier (Tringa melanoleuca) M
Willet / Chevalier semipalmé (Tringa semipalmata) B
Lesser Yellowlegs / Petit Chevalier (Tringa flavipes) M
Upland Sandpiper / Maubèche des champs (Bartramia longicauda) R
Hudsonian Godwit / Barge hudsonienne (Limosa haemastica) M
Ruddy Turnstone / Tournepierre à collier (Arenaria interpres) M
Red Knot / Bécasseau maubèche (Calidris canutus) M
Sanderling
/ Bécasseau sanderling (Calidris alba) M
Semipalmated Sandpiper / Bécasseau semipalmé (Calidris pusilla)
M
Least
Sandpiper / Bécasseau minuscule (Calidris minutilla) M
White-rumped Sandpiper / Bécasseau à croupion blanc (Calidris
fuscicollis) M
Pectoral Sandpiper / Bécasseau à poitrine cendrée (Calidris
melanotos) M
Purple Sandpiper / Bécasseau violet (Calidris maritima) R
Dunlin / Bécasseau variable (Calidris alpina) M
Short-billed Dowitcher / Bécassin roux (Limnodromus griseus) M
Wilson's Snipe / Bécassine des marais (Gallinago delicata) B
American Woodcock / Bécasse d'Amérique (Scolopax minor) B
Wilson's Phalarope / Phalarope de Wilson (Phalaropus tricolor) R
Red-necked Phalarope / Phalarope à bec étroit (Phalaropus lobatus)
(formerly Northern Phalarope) R
Laridae (Gulls, terns, skimmers / Goélands, sternes et becs-en-ciseaux)
Bonaparte's Gull / Mouette de Bonaparte (Larus philadelphia) M
Ring-billed
Gull / Goéland à bec cerclé (Larus delawarensis)
B
Herring Gull / Goéland argenté (Larus argentatus) B
Iceland Gull / Goéland arctique (Larus glaucoides) M
Glaucous Gull / Goéland bourgmestre (Larus hyperboreus) M
Great Black-backed Gull / Goéland marin (Larus marinus) B
Common Tern / Sterne pierregarin (Sterna hirundo) B
Arctic Tern / Sterne arctique (Sterna paradisaea) B
Alcidae (Auks, murres and puffins / Alques, guillemots et macareux)
Dovekie / Mergule nain (Alle alle) A
Black Guillemot / Guillemot à miroir (Cepphus grylle) M
Columbidae (Pigeons and doves / Pigeons et tourterelles)
Rock Pigeon / Pigeon biset (Columba livia) B
Mourning Dove / Tourterelle triste (Zenaida macroura) B
Passenger Pigeon / Tourte voyageuse (Ectopistes migratorius) X
Cuculidae (Cuckos / Coulicous)
Yellow-billed Cuckoo / Coulicou à bec jaune (Coccyzus americanus) A
Black-billed Cuckoo / Coulicou à bec noir (Coccyzus erythropthalmus)
B
Strigidae (Owls / Hiboux)
Great
Horned Owl / Grand-duc d'Amérique (Bubo virginianus) B
Snowy Owl / Harfang des neiges (Bubo scandiacus) M
Northern Hawk Owl / Chouette épervière (Surnia ulula) B, R
Barred
Owl / Chouette rayée (Strix varia) B
Great Gray Owl / Chouette lapone (Strix nebulosa) R
Long-eared Owl / Hibou moyen-duc (Asio otus) R
Short-eared Owl / Hibou des marais (Asio flammeus) M
Boreal Owl / Nyctale de Tengmalm (Aegolius funereus) R
Northern Saw-whet Owl / Petite Nyctale (Aegolius acadicus) B
Caprimulgidae (Goatsuckers / Engoulevents)
Common Nighthawk / Engoulevent d'Amérique (Chordeiles minor) B
Whip-poor-will / Engoulevent bois-pourri (Caprimulgus vociferus) B
Apodidae (Swifts / Martinets)
Chimney Swift / Martinet ramoneur (Chaetura pelagica) B
Trochilidae (Hummingbirds / Colibris)
Ruby-throated
Hummingbird / Colibri à gorge rubis (Archilochus colubris)
B
Alcedinidae (Kingfishers / Martins-pêcheurs)
Belted Kingfisher / Martin-pêcheur d'Amérique (Ceryle alcyon)
B
Picidae (Woodpeckers / Pics)
Red-headed Woodpecker / Pic à tête rouge (Melanerpes erythrocephalus)
R
Red-bellied
Woodpecker / Pic à ventre roux (Melanerpes carolinus) R
Yellow-bellied
Sapsucker / Pic maculé (Sphyrapicus varius) B
Downy Woodpecker / Pic mineur (Picoides pubescens) B
Hairy Woodpecker / Pic chevelu (Picoides villosus) B
American Three-toed Woodpecker / Pic à dos rayé (Picoides dorsalis)
B
Black-backed Woodpecker / Pic à dos noir (Picoides arcticus) B
Northern Flicker / Pic flamboyant (Colaptes auratus) B
Pileated Woodpecker / Grand Pic (Dryocopus pileatus) B
Tyrannidae (Tyrant flycatchers / Moucherolles et tyrans)
Olive-sided Flycatcher / Moucherolle à côtés olive (Contopus
cooperi) B
Eastern Wood-Pewee / Pioui de l'Est (Contopus virens) B
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher / Moucherolle à ventre jaune (Empidonax flaviventris)
B
Alder Flycatcher / Moucherolle des aulnes (Empidonax alnorum) B
Willow Flycatcher / Moucherolle des saules (Empidonax traillii) B
Least Flycatcher / Moucherolle tchébec (Empidonax minimus) B
Eastern Phoebe / Moucherolle phébi (Sayornis phoebe) B
Great Crested Flycatcher / Tyran huppé (Myiarchus crinitus) B
Eastern Kingbird / Tyran tritri (Tyrannus tyrannus) B
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher / Tyran à longue queue (Tyrannus forficatus)
R
Laniidae (Shrikes / Pies-grièches)
Northern Shrike / Pie-grièche grise (Lanius excubitor) M
Vireonidae (Vireos / Viréos)
Blue-headed Vireo / Viréo à tête bleue (Vireo solitarius)
(formerly Solitary Vireo) B
Warbling Vireo / Viréo mélodieux (Vireo gilvus) B
Philadelphia Vireo / Viréo de Philadelphie (Vireo philadelphicus) B
Red-eyed Vireo / Viréo aux yeux rouges (Vireo olivaceus) B
Corvidae (Jays and crows / Geais et corneilles)
Gray Jay
/ Mésangeai du Canada (Perisoreus canadensis) B
Blue Jay / Geai bleu (Cyanocitta cristata) B
Black-billed Magpie / Pie d'Amérique (Pica hudsonia) A
American
Crow / Corneille d'Amérique (Corvus brachyrhynchos) B
Common Raven / Grand Corbeau (Corvus corax) B
Alaudidae (Larks / Alouettes)
Horned Lark / Alouette hausse-col (Eremophila alpestris) B
Hirundinidae (Swallows / Hirondelles)
Purple Martin / Hirondelle noire (Progne subis) R, F
Tree Swallow / Hirondelle bicolore (Tachycineta bicolor) B
Bank Swallow / Hirondelle de rivage (Riparia riparia) B
Cliff Swallow / Hirondelle à front blanc (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota)
B
Barn Swallow / Hirondelle rustique (Hirundo rustica) B
Paridae (Titmice / Mésanges)
Black-capped
Chickadee / Mésange à tête noire (Poecile
atricapillus) B
Boreal Chickadee / Mésange à tête brune (Poecile hudsonica)
B
Sittidae (Nuthatches / Sittelles)
Red-breasted
Nuthatch / Sittelle à poitrine rousse (Sitta canadensis)
B
White-breasted
Nuthatch / Sittelle à poitrine blanche (Sitta carolinensis)
B
Certhiidae (Creepers / Grimpereaux)
Brown Creeper / Grimpereau brun (Certhia americana) B
Troglodytidae (Wrens / Troglodytes)
House Wren / Troglodyte familier (Troglodytes aedon) R
Winter Wren / Troglodyte mignon (Troglodytes troglodytes) B
Sylviidae (Old World Warblers and Gnatcatchers / Sylviidés)
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher / Gobemoucheron gris-bleu (Polioptila caerulea) A
Regulidae (Kinglets / Roitelets)
Golden-crowned Kinglet / Roitelet à couronne dorée (Regulus satrapa)
B
Ruby-crowned Kinglet / Roitelet à couronne rubis (Regulus calendula)
B
Turdidae (Thrushes / Grives, etc.)
Eastern Bluebird / Merlebleu de l'Est (Sialia sialis) B
Veery / Grive fauve (Catharus fuscescens) B
Bicknell's Thrush / Grive de Bicknell (Catharus bicknelli) B
Swainson's Thrush / Grive à dos olive (Catharus ustulatus) B
Hermit Thrush / Grive solitaire (Catharus guttatus) B
Wood Thrush / Grive des bois (Hylocichla mustelina) B
American
Robin / Merle d'Amérique (Turdus migratorius) B
Varied Thrush / Grive à collier (Ixoreus naevius) R
Mimidae (Mockers / Moqueurs)
Gray Catbird / Moqueur chat (Dumetella carolinensis) B
Northern Mockingbird / Moqueur polyglotte (Mimus polyglottos) B
Brown Thrasher / Moqueur roux (Toxostoma rufum) R
Sturnidae (Starlings / Étourneaux)
European
Starling / Étourneau sansonnet (Sturnus vulgaris) B
Motacillidae (Pipits / Pipits)
American Pipit / Pipit d'Amérique (Anthus rubescens) M
Bombycillidae (Waxwings / Jaseurs)
Bohemian
Waxwing / Jaseur boréal (Bombycilla garrulus) M
Cedar
Waxwing / Jaseur d'Amérique (Bombycilla cedrorum) B
Parulidae (Wood warblers / Parulines)
Tennessee Warbler / Paruline obscure (Vermivora peregrina) B
Nashville Warbler / Paruline à joues grises (Vermivora ruficapilla)
B
Northern
Parula / Paruline à collier (Parula americana) B
Yellow Warbler / Paruline jaune (Dendroica petechia) B
Chestnut-sided Warbler / Paruline à flancs marron (Dendroica pensylvanica)
B
Magnolia Warbler / Paruline à tête cendrée (Dendroica magnolia)
B
Cape May Warbler / Paruline tigrée (Dendroica tigrina) B
Black-throated Blue Warbler / Paruline bleue (Dendroica caerulescens) B
Yellow-rumped
Warbler / Paruline à croupion jaune (Dendroica coronata)
B
Black-throated Green Warbler / Paruline à gorge noire (Dendroica virens)
B
Blackburnian Warbler / Paruline à gorge orangée (Dendroica fusca)
B
Yellow-throated Warbler / Paruline à gorge jaune (Dendroica dominica)
R
Pine Warbler / Paruline des pins (Dendroica pinus) B
Palm Warbler / Paruline à couronne rousse (Dendroica palmarum) B
Bay-breasted Warbler / Paruline à poitrine baie (Dendroica castanea)
B
Blackpoll Warbler / Paruline rayée (Dendroica striata) B
Black-and-white Warbler / Paruline noir et blanc (Mniotilta varia) B
American Redstart / Paruline flamboyante (Setophaga ruticilla) B
Ovenbird / Paruline couronnée (Seiurus aurocapillus) B
Northern Waterthrush / Paruline des ruisseaux (Seiurus noveboracensis) B
Mourning Warbler / Paruline triste (Oporornis philadelphia) B
Common Yellowthroat / Paruline masquée (Geothlypis trichas) B
Wilson's Warbler / Paruline à calotte noire (Wilsonia pusilla) B
Canada Warbler / Paruline du Canada (Wilsonia canadensis) B
Yellow-breasted Chat / Paruline polyglotte (Icteria virens) A
Thraupidae (Tanagers / Tangaras)
Scarlet Tanager / Tangara écarlate (Piranga olivacea) B
Emberizidae (Towhees and sparrows / Tohis et bruants)
Eastern Towhee / Tohi à flancs roux (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) R
American Tree Sparrow / Bruant hudsonien (Spizella arborea) M
Chipping Sparrow / Bruant familier (Spizella passerina) B
Clay-colored Sparrow / Bruant des plaines (Spizella pallida) R
Field Sparrow / Bruant des champs (Spizella pusilla) R
Vesper Sparrow / Bruant vespéral (Pooecetes gramineus) B
Savannah Sparrow / Bruant des prés (Passerculus sandwichensis) B
Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow / Bruant de Nelson (Ammodramus nelsoni) B
Fox Sparrow / Bruant fauve (Passerella iliaca) B
Song Sparrow / Bruant chanteur (Melospiza melodia) B
Lincoln's Sparrow / Bruant de Lincoln (Melospiza lincolnii) B
Swamp Sparrow / Bruant des marais (Melospiza georgiana) B
White-throated
Sparrow / Bruant à gorge blanche (Zonotrichia albicollis)
B
White-crowned
Sparrow / Bruant à couronne blanche (Zonotrichia leucophrys)
M
Dark-eyed
Junco / Junco ardoisé (Junco hyemalis) B
Lapland Longspur / Bruant lapon (Calcarius lapponicus) M
Snow Bunting / Bruant des neiges (Plectrophenax nivalis) M
Cardinalidae (Cardinals and allies / Cardinals, etc.)
Northern Cardinal / Cardinal rouge (Cardinalis cardinalis) R
Rose-breasted
Grosbeak / Cardinal à poitrine rose (Pheucticus ludovicianus)
B
Indigo Bunting / Passerin indigo (Passerina cyanea) B
Dickcissel / Dickcissel d'Amérique (Spiza americana) R
Icteridae (Blackbirds and allies / Ictéridés)
Bobolink / Goglu des prés (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) B
Red-winged
Blackbird / Carouge à épaulettes (Agelaius phoeniceus)
B
Eastern Meadowlark / Sturnelle des prés (Sturnella magna) R
Western Meadowlark / Sturnelle de l'Ouest (Sturnella neglecta) A
Yellow-headed Blackbird / Carouge à tête jaune (Xanthocephalus
xanthocephalus) A
Rusty Blackbird / Quiscale rouilleux (Euphagus carolinus) B
Common Grackle / Quiscale bronzé (Quiscalus quiscula) B
Brown-headed Cowbird / Vacher à tête brune (Molothrus ater) B
Baltimore Oriole / Oriole de Baltimore (Icterus galbula) B
Fringillidae (Finches / Fringillidés)
Pine Grosbeak / Durbec des sapins (Pinicola enucleator) B
Purple
Finch / Roselin pourpré (Carpodacus purpureus) B
House Finch / Roselin familier (Carpodacus mexicanus) B
Red Crossbill / Bec-croisé des sapins (Loxia curvirostra) B
White-winged Crossbill / Bec-croisé bifascié (Loxia leucoptera)
B
Common
Redpoll / Sizerin flammé (Carduelis flammea) M
Hoary Redpoll / Sizerin blanchâtre (Carduelis hornemanni) R, M
Pine Siskin / Tarin des pins (Carduelis pinus) B
American Goldfinch / Chardonneret jaune (Carduelis tristis) B
Evening Grosbeak / Gros-bec errant (Coccothraustes vespertinus) B
Passeridae (Old World sparrows / Moineaux)
House Sparrow / Moineau domestique (Passer domesticus) B
Appendix
These are species that have occurred in Gloucester County, as well as in
the south of the province, and therefore probably occur here at times:Bufflehead
/ Petit Garrot (Bucephala albeola)King Eider / Eider à tête
grise (Somateria spectabilis)Whimbrel / Courlis corlieu (Numenius phaeopus)
Species at risk: Piping Plover / Pluvier siffleur (Charadrius melodus)Peregrine
Falcon / Faucon pèlerin (Falco peregrinus)